{"id":1706,"date":"2012-03-23T15:27:47","date_gmt":"2012-03-23T07:27:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/?p=1706"},"modified":"2012-03-23T15:27:59","modified_gmt":"2012-03-23T07:27:59","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a%e6%80%a7%e5%8a%a8%e7%89%a9%e3%80%8b%e8%af%bb%e4%b9%a6%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e5%a4%a7%e4%bc%97%e4%bc%a0%e6%92%ad%e3%80%81%e5%ae%a3%e4%bc%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/1706.html","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u52a8\u7269\u300b\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u5927\u4f17\u4f20\u64ad\u3001\u5ba3\u4f20\u4e0e\u8bf4\u670d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u6240\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u8bfb\u4e66\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u6df1\u6709\u611f\u89e6\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u7b14\u8bb0\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

11.<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u5904\u4e8e\u6050\u60e7\u548c\u6c14\u6124\u4e4b\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5355\u6709\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e0d\u592a\u80fd\u591f\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u89e3\u51b3\u9009\u6c11\u4eec\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\uff09\u6240\u6df1\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u8fd9\u7ed9\u4eba\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u6124\u6012\u548c\u6050\u60e7\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8bb2\u9053\u7406\u6446\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8981\u8bf4\u670d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u6df1\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u6df1\u523b\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

12.<\/p>\n

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------
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\n

13.\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u6027\u8d28<\/p>\n

\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8d44\u6599\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d7\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u60ca\u5413\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\/\u5979\u5c31\u8d8a\u53ef\u80fd\u91c7\u53d6\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u9884\u9632\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u6700\u591a\u4ea7\u8005\u662fHoward Leventhal\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n

Leventhal\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u81ea\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6301\u6709\u826f\u597d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u9ad8\u5ea6\u81ea\u5c0a\u7684\u4eba\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u6240\u6253\u52a8\u3002\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f4e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5f53\u9762\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6050\u60e7\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u5c11\u7acb\u5373\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8--\u4f46\u662f\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff09\u5728\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u4e0e\u90a3\u4e9b\u81ea\u5c0a\u5fc3\u9ad8\u7684\u4eba\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9a6c\u4e0a\u884c\u52a8\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ef6\u7f13\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u81ea\u5c0a\u5fc3\u4f4e\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6fc0\u53d1\u5de8\u5927\u6050\u60e7\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u65f6\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

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Leventhal, H (1970), Findings and theory in the study of fear communications. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experiental social psychology (Vol. 5, pp 119 - 186). New York: Academic Press.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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\n

14.\u88ab\u5938\u5927\u7684\u6050\u60e7<\/p>\n

Akiva Liberman \u548c Chaiken.S \uff08Defensive processing of personally relevant health messages, 1992\uff09\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u6050\u60e7\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89c2\u4f17\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8054\u7cfb\u8d8a\u5bc6\u5207\uff08\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u8d8a\u4f1a\u4fc3\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u76f8\u4fe1\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u7684\u5371\u9669\u88ab\u5938\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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\n

15.\u9996\u56e0\u6548\u5e94\u548c\u8fd1\u56e0\u6548\u5e94<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u65f6\u95f4--\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4e0b\u5217\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u7ed3\u675f\u5230\u542c\u4f17\u5fc5\u987b\u505a\u51fa\u6700\u7ec8\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6700\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6709\u4e24\u70b9\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u573a\u5ba3\u4f20\u4e4b\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u975e\u5e38\u77ed\uff0c\u6291\u5236\uff08\u5e72\u9884\uff09\u6700\u5f3a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u4fbf\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u4ea7\u751f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6291\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9996\u56e0\u6548\u5e94--\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6f14\u8bb2\u8005\u5c06\u5360\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\uff082\uff09\u5f53\u542c\u4f17\u5728\u542c\u5b8c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u540e\u5fc5\u987b\u9a6c\u4e0a\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6548\u679c\u6700\u597d\uff0c\u8fd1\u56e0\u6548\u5e94\u4fbf\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

Norman Miller\u548cDonald Campbell\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u573a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5b89\u6392\u4e86\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u5ba1\u5224\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u9605\u8bfb\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u8bba\u636e\u4e0e\u9605\u8bfb\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u8bba\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5f88\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u9605\u8bfb\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u8bba\u636e\u4e0e\u9605\u8bfb\u540e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u8bba\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5f88\u77ed\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd1\u56e0\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5f53\u9605\u8bfb\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u8bba\u636e\u4e0e\u9605\u8bfb\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u8bba\u636e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5f88\u77ed\uff0c\u800c\u9605\u8bfb\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u8bba\u636e\u4e0e\u4f5c\u51fa\u88c1\u51b3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9996\u56e0\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6548\u5e94\u5728\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u662f\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

16.\u6539\u53d8\u66f2\u7ebf\u548c\u5dee\u5f02<\/p>\n

James Wittaker\u53d1\u73b0\uff081963\uff0cOpinion change as a function of communication-attitude discrepancy. Psychological Reports, 13, 762-772\uff09\uff0c\u89c2\u70b9\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0e\u610f\u89c1\u6539\u53d8\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u66f2\u7ebf\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\u5173\u7cfb\u6307\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u5f53\u5dee\u5f02\u5728\u8f83\u5c0f\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6709\u6240\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u610f\u89c1\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e5f\u76f8\u5e94\u589e\u52a0\uff1b\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u610f\u89c1\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u5e45\u5ea6\u5f00\u59cb\u51cf\u7f13\uff1a\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u89c2\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u610f\u89c1\u6539\u53d8\u5f88\u5c11\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u5f02\u8fbe\u5230\u6781\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0d\u5230\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8<\/strong>\u3002\uff08\u662f\u4ee5\u4e4c\u6709\u4e4b\u4e61\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6539\u53d8\u2026\u2026\uff09<\/em><\/p>\n

\u5728Wittaker\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0cQ.J.Harvey\u548c Muzafer Sherif\u63d0\u51fa (1957, Assimilation and contrast effects in reaction to communication and attitude change. Journal of Abmormal and Social Psychology, 55, 244-252)\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e00\u5ba3\u4f20\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u76f8\u5dee\u592a\u8fdc\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5b83\u5904\u5728\u6b64\u4eba\u7684\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fbf\u4e0d\u4f1a\u592a\u591a\u53d7\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

Harvey\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u5f53\u66f4\u9ad8\u6709\u5173\u9152\u7c7b\u996e\u6599\u914d\u7ed9\u4e0e\u9500\u552e\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7981\u4ee4\u3002\u8be5\u5dde\u9009\u6c11\u5728\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u4e0a\u57fa\u672c\u52bf\u5747\u529b\u654c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6837\u672c\u4e5f\u6781\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u7981\u9152\u4ee4\u4e0a\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u6d3e\uff1a\u53cd\u5bf9\u3001\u652f\u6301\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u3002\u88ab\u8bd5\u4eec\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u7ec4\u90fd\u7531\u6301\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\u5411\u6bcf\u7ec4\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u5185\u5bb9\u652f\u6301\u4e09\u79cd\u610f\u89c1\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bcf\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u88ab\u8bd5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5ba3\u4f20\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u89c2\u70b9\u76f8\u8fd1\u3001\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u89c2\u70b9\u5dee\u5f02\u4e2d\u7b49\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u89c2\u70b9\u5dee\u5f02\u6781\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5411\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec4\u63d0\u4f9b\"\u5f00\u7981\"\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8d5e\u6210\u5bf9\u9152\u7c7b\u4e0d\u52a0\u9650\u5236\u3001\u653e\u5f00\u7ecf\u8425\uff1b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec4\u7684\u662f\"\u7981\u9152\"\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8d5e\u6210\u5f7b\u5e95\u7981\u6b62\uff1b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4f59\u4e0b\u7ec4\u7684\u662f\u4e2d\u7b49\u7a0b\u5ea6\"\u7981\u9152\"\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5141\u8bb8\u5c11\u91cf\u996e\u9152\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u5c0f\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u770b\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u4e2d\u7b49\u5dee\u5f02\u65f6\uff0c\u610f\u89c1\u6539\u53d8\u6700\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

E.Aronson\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5b66\u751fJudit Turner\u53ca\u9ed8\u745e\u5c14\u00b7\u5361\u5c14\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u89c2\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u8d8a\u5f3a\u70c8\u3002\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u56db\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u529d\u8bf4\u5ba3\u4f20\u8005\u6539\u53d8\u770b\u6cd5\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfb\u627e\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u89c2\u70b9\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u521d\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u5ba3\u4f20\u8005\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u7f6e\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7406\uff1b\uff084\uff09\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d2c\u4f4e\u5ba3\u4f20\u8005\uff0c\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u76f8\u4fe1\u5ba3\u4f20\u8005\u662f\u611a\u8822\u3001\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u65e0\u6548<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

E.Aronson\u5bf9\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u5047\u5982\u4e00\u4f4d\u5ba3\u4f20\u8005\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u6027\uff0c\u4ed6\uff08\u5979\uff09\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0e\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u8bf4\u670d\uff1b\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u770b\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u4e00\u4f4d\u5ba3\u4f20\u8005\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u6027\u53d7\u5230\u6000\u7591\u6216\u8005\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u5f53\u5ba3\u4f20\u8005\u4e0e\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u89c2\u70b9\u5b58\u5728\u4e2d\u7b49\u5dee\u5f02\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\uff08\u5979\uff09\u4f1a\u4f7f\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u770b\u6cd5\u6539\u53d8\u6700\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5c06\u9010\u6e10\u5f15\u51fa\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u5931\u8c03\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

17.\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u7279\u5f81--\u5bf9\u6297\u3001\u9884\u9632\u63a5\u79cd\u6548\u5e94<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u6297\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u8d70\u5728\u8857\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u6709\u793c\u8c8c\u5730\u8bf7\u6211\u5728\u4e00\u4efd\u8bf7\u613f\u4e66\u4e0a\u7b7e\u540d\u3002\u6211\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u6b64\u4eba\u8981\u5411\u6211\u4f5c\u51fa\u89e3\u91ca\u65f6\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4eba\u4e0a\u524d\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u642d\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ed9\u6211\u65bd\u52a0\u538b\u529b\u8ba9\u6211\u4e0d\u8981\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636eJack Brehm \uff081966, A theory of psychological reactance. New York : Academic Press\uff09\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\u7406\u8bba\uff08\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u80c1\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u52aa\u529b\u53bb\u6062\u590d\u5b83\uff09\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u62b5\u5236\u8fd9\u79cd\u538b\u529b\u575a\u6301\u6211\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6211\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7b7e\u540d\u3002Maldelin Heilman\u5bf9\u6b64\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u52a0\u4ee5\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff1a\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u88ab\u8bd5\u5728\u8bf7\u613f\u4e66\u4e0a\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u4f01\u56fe\u8d8a\u5f3a\u70c8\uff0c\u88ab\u8bd5\u4eec\u8d8a\u53ef\u80fd\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u62b5\u5236\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f01\u56fe\uff1f<\/strong> William McGuire\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6765\u5f15\u53d1\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u9884\u9632\u63a5\u79cd\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\uff08\u52a0\u4ee5\u53cd\u9a73\u7684\uff09\u5448\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6bd4\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u5448\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u4fe1\u670d\u65b9\u9762\u66f4\u5177\u6548\u529b\u3002McGuire\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u52a0\u4ee5\u5f15\u7533\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u5148\u63a5\u89e6\u67d0\u4e00\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u63a5\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u5176\u52a0\u4ee5\u53cd\u9a73\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bf9\u540e\u6765\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u540c\u6837\u89c2\u70b9\u4ea7\u751f\"\u514d\u75ab\"\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u5185\u6ce8\u5165\u5c11\u91cf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7a00\u91ca\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8fdb\u653b\u4ea7\u751f\"\u514d\u75ab\"\u3002<\/p>\n

McGuire\u548cDimitri Papageorgis\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u5b9e\u9a8c(1961, The relative efficacy of various types of prior belief-defense in producing immunity presuasion. Journal of Abmormal and Social Psychology, 62, 327-337)\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u7ec4\u88ab\u8bd5\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u770b\u6cd5\u906d\u5230\u8f7b\u5fae\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u653b\u51fb\u906d\u5230\u53cd\u9a73\u3002\u968f\u540e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5bf9\u5176\u6700\u521d\u770b\u6cd5\u66f4\u5177\u5a01\u529b\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u7ec4\u90a3\u4e9b\u770b\u6cd5\u9884\u5148\u6ca1\u6709\u906d\u5230\u8f7b\u5ea6\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u88ab\u8bd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u8bd5\u8f83\u5c11\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6cd5\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n

Alfred McAlister\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u9879\u5b9e\u9a8c (McAlister, A. , Perry, C. , Killen, J. , Slikard, L.A. , & Macoby, N. , 1980. Pilot study of smoking, alcohol and drug abuse prevention. American Journal of Public Healt, 70, 719-721)\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e03\u5e74\u7ea7\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u8f88\u7684\u5438\u70df\u538b\u529b\u7684\u9884\u9632\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\u5411\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u6218\u58eb\u4e86\u4e00\u5219\u5f53\u65f6\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5e7f\u544a\uff0c\u5e7f\u544a\u8bcd\u662f\uff1a\"\u5b9d\u8d1d\uff0c\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff01\"\u5176\u4e2d\u6697\u793a\u7740\u771f\u6b63\u83b7\u5f97\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u5973\u6027\u662f\u5438\u70df\u8005\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9884\u9632\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u6027\u6c89\u8ff7\u4e8e\u5c3c\u53e4\u4e01\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u3002\u4e8e\u6b64\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5438\u70df\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u5f88Cool\u6216\u8005\u6709\"\u7537\u5b50\u6c49\u6c14\"\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u5438\u70df\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u8f88\u538b\u529b\u4f1a\u5c06\u4ed6\u79f0\u4e3a\"\u96cf\u9e21\"\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0cMcAlister\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u5883\u6765\u62b5\u6d88\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e03\u5e74\u7ea7\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u5728\u7279\u70b9\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb2\"\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5438\u70df\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u4f60\u611f\u52a8\uff0c\u90a3\u6211\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u96cf\u9e21\"\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u63a5\u89e6\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u539f\u6765\u770b\u6cd5\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u62b5\u6297\u540c\u8f88\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u9884\u9632\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b66\u751f\u5347\u5165\u4e5d\u5e74\u7ea7\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5438\u70df\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u6240\u521d\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a7\u5236\u7ec4\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5438\u70df\u4eba\u6570\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u6fc0\u53d1\u4eba\u4eec\u575a\u6301\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u6700\u597d\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u9762\u5bf9\u8f7b\u5fae\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u8f7b\u5fae\u653b\u51fb\u4eba\u4eec\u4fe1\u5ff5\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u9884\u5148\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f9\u690d\u9488\u5bf9\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8bf4\u670d\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u529b\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff081\uff09\u4eba\u4eec\u88ab\u6fc0\u53d1\u8d77\u6765\u4fdd\u536b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\uff082\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u88ab\u8feb\u601d\u8003\u575a\u6301\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e86\u4fdd\u536b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6b66\u88c5\u8d77\u6765\u4ee5\u62b5\u6297\u66f4\u4e3a\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u6c79\u6d8c\u7684\u5927\u4f17\u4f20\u5a92\u4e2d\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9053\u7406\u88ab\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u5ba3\u4f20\u4e2d\u53bb\u3002\u800c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u5219\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u8981\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4fe1\u5ff5\u906d\u53d7\u5230\u8f7b\u5fae\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4eba\u4eec\u624d\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u53bb\u63a5\u53d7\u3001\u4fdd\u536b\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u6240\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u8bfb\u4e66\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u6df1\u6709\u611f\u89e6\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u7b14\u8bb0\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u3002 11. \u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u5904\u4e8e\u6050\u60e7\u548c\u6c14\u6124\u4e4b\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5355\u6709\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e0d\u592a\u80fd\u591f\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u89e3\u51b3\u9009\u6c11\u4eec\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\uff09\u6240\u6df1\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 \u8fd9\u7ed9\u4eba\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u6124\u6012\u548c\u6050\u60e7\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8bb2\u9053\u7406\u6446\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8981\u8bf4\u670d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u6df1\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u6df1\u523b\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002 12. \u4f69\u8482\u548c\u5361\u897f\u5965\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u5047\u5b9a\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u88ab\u8bf4\u670d\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u9014\u5f84--\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u6216\u8005\u8fb9\u7f18\u5730\u8bf4\u670d\u3002 \u4e2d\u5fc3\u8def\u5f84\uff1a\u5bf9\u89c2\u70b9\u52a0\u4ee5\u6743\u8861\uff0c\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u601d\u8003\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u4f5c\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002 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\u4e0d\u5229\u5df1\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u8005\u662f\u6700\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u88ab\"\u8fb9\u7f18\u8def\u5f84\"\u6240\u8bf4\u670d\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5f52\u56e0\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002 13.\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u6027\u8d28 \u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8d44\u6599\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u4ef6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d7\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u60ca\u5413\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\/\u5979\u5c31\u8d8a\u53ef\u80fd\u91c7\u53d6\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u9884\u9632\u884c\u52a8\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u6700\u591a\u4ea7\u8005\u662fHoward Leventhal\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u3002 Leventhal\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u81ea\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6301\u6709\u826f\u597d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u9ad8\u5ea6\u81ea\u5c0a\u7684\u4eba\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u6240\u6253\u52a8\u3002\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f4e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5f53\u9762\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6050\u60e7\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u5c11\u7acb\u5373\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8--\u4f46\u662f\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff09\u5728\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u4e0e\u90a3\u4e9b\u81ea\u5c0a\u5fc3\u9ad8\u7684\u4eba\u975e\u5e38\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9a6c\u4e0a\u884c\u52a8\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ef6\u7f13\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u81ea\u5c0a\u5fc3\u4f4e\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6fc0\u53d1\u5de8\u5927\u6050\u60e7\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u65f6\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u3002 \u2026\u2026 \u5047\u5982\u4f60\u80fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u5219\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u3001\u4e50\u89c2\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u80fd\u589e\u5f3a\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\u9762\u5bf9\u6050\u60e7\u5e94\u5bf9\u5371\u9669\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002 Leventhal, H (1970), Findings and theory in the study of fear communications. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experiental social psychology (Vol. 5, pp 119 - 186). New York: Academic Press. \u6e05\u6670\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u3001\u4e50\u89c2\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u5bf9\u5f88\u591a\u53d7\u4f17\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u72e0\u6709\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u60ca\u5413\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6cd5\u5c31\u6b64\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6212\u70df\u5e7f\u544a\u3002 14.\u88ab\u5938\u5927\u7684\u6050\u60e7 Akiva Liberman […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":79,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[148],"tags":[149,150,25],"class_list":["post-1706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-reading","tag-149","tag-150","tag-25"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/79"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1706"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1706\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1706"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1706"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1706"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}