{"id":1730,"date":"2012-08-13T10:22:22","date_gmt":"2012-08-13T02:22:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/?p=1730"},"modified":"2012-08-13T10:58:07","modified_gmt":"2012-08-13T02:58:07","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a%e6%80%a7%e5%8a%a8%e7%89%a9%e3%80%8b%e8%af%bb%e4%b9%a6%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%89%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%a4%e6%96%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/faydao.com\/weblog\/1730.html","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u52a8\u7269\u300b\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\uff08\u4e09\uff09\uff1a\u5224\u65ad"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>18.\u4eba\u7c7b\u662f\u541d\u556c\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8005<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u4eba\u7c7b\u90fd\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u541d\u556c\u8005--\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u4eba\u4eec\u603b\u4f1a\u5c3d\u529b\u4fdd\u5b58\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6709\u9650\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8bd5\u56fe<span style=\"TEXT-DECORATION: underline\"><strong>\u91c7\u7528\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u7b80\u5355\u5316<\/strong><\/span>\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5728\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u65f6\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u6216\u8005\u5ffd\u7565\u6389\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u8f7b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u62c5\uff1b\u6216\u8005\"\u8fc7\u5206\u5229\u7528\"\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0d\u518d\u53bb\u5bfb\u627e\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u610f\u5916\u611f\u5230\u51e0\u4e4e\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u597d\uff0c\u800c\u60c5\u613f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u592a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\uff08Susan Fiske &amp; Shelley Taylor, 1991 Social cognition. New York : McGraw Hill\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u8bf4\u670d\u4eba\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u5bf9\u65b9\u611f\u5230\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u8d1f\u62c5\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e94\u8be5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u5eb8\u4fd7\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c3d\u91cf\u5217\u4e3e\u6761\u7406\u6e05\u6670\u800c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u51fa\u4f60\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>19.\u80cc\u666f\u5bf9\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u793e\u4f1a\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>A.\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff1b\uff08\u8bf1\u9975\u9009\u62e9;\u77ee\u4eba\u5230\u4e86\u77ee\u4eba\u56fd\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u5de8\u4eba\uff09<\/p>\n<p>B.\u60f3\u6cd5\u88ab\u60c5\u5883\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff1b\uff08\u60f3\u6cd5\u690d\u5165\u3001\u524d\u7f6e\u3002\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u5b9a\u578b\u542f\u52a8\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u7bee\u7403\u5de8\u661f\u9b54\u672f\u5e08\u5ba3\u5e03\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bae\u9898\u624d\u88ab\u6df1\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\uff09<\/p>\n<p>C.\u4e3a\u51b3\u7b56\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6846\u67b6\uff1b\uff08\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u5931\u53bb\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<p>D.\u5448\u73b0\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\uff08\u9996\u56e0\u6548\u5e94\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u5148\u8bf4\u4e00\u8bf4\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\uff1a<strong><em>\u4e3a\u51b3\u7b56\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/em><\/strong>\u3002\u8bf7\u542c\u9898[\u6ce81]\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u5b9a\u4f60\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u67d0\u5730\u53d1\u751f\u7f55\u89c1\u761f\u75ab\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u5c06\u6709600\u4eba\u4e27\u751f\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6297\u51fb\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u987e\u95ee\u7532\u4e3a\u4f60\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u4e24\u5957\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c3d\u6700\u5927\u52aa\u529b\u9884\u6d4b\u4e86\u91c7\u53d6\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5047\u5982\u91c7\u53d6\u65b9\u6848A\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d200\u4eba\u5c06\u4f1a\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5047\u5982\u91c7\u53d6\u65b9\u6848B\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027600\u4eba\u90fd\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f60\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u987e\u95ee\u4e59\u5219\u4e3a\u4f60\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5047\u5982\u91c7\u53d6\u65b9\u6848A\uff0c400\u4eba\u5c06\u4f1a\u6b7b\u53bb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5047\u5982\u91c7\u53d6\u65b9\u6848B\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u6b7b\u53bb\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027600\u4eba\u5c06\u4f1a\u6b7b\u53bb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f60\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\uff1f\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u7684\uff1a\u5728\u7532\u7684\u65b9\u63d0\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c72%\u7684\u88ab\u8bd5\u9009\u62e9\u4e86<strong>\u65b9\u6848A<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u4e59\u7684\u63d0\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c78%\u7684\u88ab\u8bd5\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e86<strong>\u65b9\u6848B<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u80fd\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u7532\u4e59\u4e8c\u4f4d\u7684\u63d0\u6848\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65b9\u6848A\uff1a\u6709400\u4eba\u4f1a\u6b7b\u53bb\uff0c200\u4eba\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u65b9\u6848B\uff1a\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u4eba\u90fd\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u4eba\u90fd\u6b7b\u53bb\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u7532\u7684\u63d0\u6848\u4e2d\uff0cB\u65b9\u6848\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u4eba\u6570\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bfc\u81f4\"\u5931\u53bb\"\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u611f\u5230\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u800c\u9009\u62e9A\uff08\u5176\u5b9eA\u4e5f\u6709\"\u5931\u53bb\"\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u8868\u8ff0\u51fa\u6765\u800c\u5df2\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4e59\u7684\u63d0\u6848\u4e2d\uff0cA\u65b9\u6848\u5219\u8868\u8ff0\u4e86\u5931\u53bb400\u4eba\uff0cB\u65b9\u6848\u8868\u8ff0\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u53bb600\u4eba\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\"\u5931\u53bb\"\u611f\u5230\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u800c\u9009\u62e9\u4e86B\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c<strong><em>\u5931\u53bb20\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u8981\u6bd4\u5f97\u523020\u7f8e\u5143\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6b22\u4e50\u5f3a\u70c8\u5f97\u591a<\/em><\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u770b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<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0e\u547d\u9898b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u547d\u9898a\u8fd9\u79cd\u63cf\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u53f2\u8482\u592b\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u4e3a\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u660e\u663e\u5730\uff0c\u4f5c\u51fa\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u88ab\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6240\u5438\u5f15\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4e3a\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8bcd\u5b9a\u8c03\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u91cc\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u662f\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u806a\u660e\u3001\u52e4\u594b\uff0c<em><strong>\u4f46\u662f<\/strong><\/em>\u51b2\u52a8\u3001\u6311\u5254\u3001\u56fa\u6267\u3001\u597d\u5ac9\u5992\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u9012\u8fdb\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u91cc\u53ea\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\"\u4e16\u6545\"\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6c\u6298\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8b\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u80cc\u666f\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4ea7\u751f\"\u7a00\u91ca\u6548\u5e94\"\uff0cHenry Zukier\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c[\u6ce83]\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>Tim\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u5468\u8bfe\u5916\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4\u5927\u7ea631\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Tom\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u5468\u8bfe\u5916\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4\u5927\u7ea631\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002Tom\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5144\u5f1f\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u59d0\u59b9\u3002\u4ed6\u5927\u7ea6\u6bcf\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u4f1a\u53bb\u770b\u4e00\u6b21\u4ed6\u7684\u7956\u7236\u6bcd\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u7ecf\u7ea6\u4f1a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u670b\u53cb\u3002\u4ed6\u5927\u7ea6\u6bcf\u4e24\u5468\u6253\u4e00\u6b21\u53f0\u7403\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3aTim\u8981\u6bd4Tom\u806a\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u7a00\u91ca\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e7f\u544a\u5546\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5e7f\u544a\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u7262\u9760\u7684\u6216\u8005\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u987e\u5ba2\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u8d2d\u4e70\u6b32\u6c42\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e0d\u8ba8\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u7ae5\u5e74\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f4f\u5b85\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff09\u7684\u7ade\u9009\u5e7f\u544a\uff0c\u6765\u964d\u4f4e\u4ed6\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u5934\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u5f62\u8c61\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u7a00\u91ca\u6548\u5e94\u5462\uff1f\u6bd5\u7adf\u5173\u6ce8\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0e\u6240\u505a\u5224\u65ad\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ea6\u4f1a\u4e60\u60ef\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u4e0d\u592a\u806a\u660e\uff1f\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e00\u6bb5\u67d0\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u51fa\u751f\u5730\u7684\u5c0f\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u4ed6\u6216\u5979\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u5f62\u8c61\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"TEXT-DECORATION: underline\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u65e0\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4ed6\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u66f4\u52a0\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e5f\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u4ed6\u66f4\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e24\u6837<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u5728\u5b66\u4e1a\u4e0a\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6210\u7ee9\uff0c\u5728\u4ece\u653f\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u7279\u522b\u5730\u5dee\u52b2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u7a00\u91ca\u6548\u5e94\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6b63\u9762\u548c\u8d1f\u9762\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.\u4fbf\u6377\u5f0f\u5224\u65ad<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9762\u5bf9\u6d69\u701a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u79cd\u4fbf\u6377\u5f0f\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff1a\u5c06\u95ee\u9898\u7b80\u5355\u5316\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad[\u6ce84]\u3002\u4fbf\u6377\u5f0f\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u822c\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>1.\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u4fbf\u6377\u5224\u65ad\uff1b\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u542c\u5230\u59d1\u5a18\u4eec\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\uff1a\u554a\uff0c\u6211\u88ab\u7537\u4eba\u9a97\u60e8\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u8f88\u5b50\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u7537\u4eba\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u4fbf\u6377\u5224\u65ad\uff1a\u4e00\u68cd\u5b50\u6572\u6b7b\u4e00\u8239\u4eba\uff09 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dir=\"ltr\">\n<p><strong><em>\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u4fbf\u6377\u5224\u65ad<\/em><\/strong>\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u8ba4\u77e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba4\u77e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63a8\u65ad\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ef7\u94b1\u4e5f\u5f88\u8d35\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u4ef7\u683c\u5f88\u8d35\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u53ef\u80fd\u63a8\u65ad\u5b83\u7684\u786e\u5f88\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u6001\u5ea6\u4fbf\u6377\u5224\u65ad<\/em><\/strong>\uff1a\u4eba\u4eec\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u6001\u5ea6\u4fbf\u6377\u5f0f\u5224\u65ad\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f[\u6ce85]\u3002\u4f9d\u636e\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8ba4\u77e5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f52\u4e3a\u6709\u5229\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\uff08\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u6240\u9002\u7528\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\u559c\u6b22\u3001\u63a5\u8fd1\u3001\u8d5e\u626c\u3001\u73cd\u7231\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\uff08\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\u538c\u6076\u3001\u9003\u907f\u3001\u8d23\u5907\u3001\u5ffd\u89c6\u3001\u4f24\u5bb3\uff09\u3002\u6001\u5ea6\u4fbf\u6377\u5f0f\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5149\u73af\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u603b\u4f53\u6027\u504f\u89c1\uff0c\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u961f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u63a8\u6d4b\u4e0e\u671f\u671b\u3002\u5176\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u4e00\u81f4\u6548\u5e94\uff1a<span style=\"TEXT-DECORATION: underline\"><strong>\u51e0\u4e4e\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u9ad8\u4f30\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u8d5e\u540c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/strong><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u6613\u5f97\u6027\u4fbf\u6377\u5f0f\u5224\u65ad<\/em><\/strong>\uff1a\u4f9d\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u8f7b\u6613\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4e8b\u4f8b\u800c\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd0\u7528\u6613\u5f97\u6027\u4fbf\u6377\u5f0f\u5224\u65ad\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u51c6\u786e\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u5931\u8bef\u3002\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u95ee\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b7b\u4e8e\u9ca8\u9c7c\u88ad\u51fb\u7684\u591a\u8fd8\u662f\u6b7b\u4e8e\u98de\u673a\u5760\u6bc1\u7684\u591a\uff1f\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b7b\u4e8e\u706b\u707e\u7684\u4eba\u591a\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u88ab\u6c34\u6df9\u6b7b\u7684\u4eba\u591a\uff1f\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u6b7b\u4e8e\u9ca8\u9c7c\u88ad\u51fb\u7684\u4eba\u8981\u6bd4\u6b7b\u4e8e\u98de\u673a\u5760\u6bc1\u7684\u4eba\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u6b7b\u4e8e\u706b\u707e\u7684\u4eba\u6bd4\u88ab\u6c34\u6df9\u6b7b\u7684\u4eba\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u7b54\u6848\u90fd\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002\u6839\u636eScoot Plous\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u8d77\u90a3\u4e9b\u6b7b\u4e8e\u9ca8\u9c7c\u548c\u706b\u707e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6e05\u6668\u516d\u70b9\u949f\u90a3\u6829\u6829\u5982\u751f\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u62a5\u9053\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4eba\u4eec\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4fbf\u6377\u5f0f\u5224\u65ad\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u601d\u8003\u65f6\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u9700\u8981\u6743\u8861\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5c51\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5b83\u8fdb\u884c\u601d\u8003\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u77e5\u8bc6\u6216\u8005\u4fe1\u606f\u5f88\u5c11\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>--------------------------<\/p>\n<p>[\u6ce81]:Daniel Kahneman\uff0cAmos Tversky 1984\uff0c Choices, values, and frames. American Psychologist, 39, 341-351<\/p>\n<p>[\u6ce82]:Asch, S. 1946, Forming impression of personality. Journal of Abmormal and Social Psychology, 41, 258-290)<\/p>\n<p>[\u6ce83]:1982, The dilution effect: The role of the correlation and dispersion of predictor variables in the use of nondiagnostic information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 1163-1174<\/p>\n<p>[\u6ce84]:Nisbett, R. , &amp; Ross, L. 1980, Human in ference : Strategic and shortcomings of social judgment, Englewoods Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Sherman, S. J. , &amp; Corty, E. 1984. Cognitive heuristics. In R. S. Wyer &amp; T. K. Srull (Eds.) , Handbook of social cognition (Vol. 1, pp 189-286). Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum. <br \/>Tversky, A. , &amp; Kahneman, D. 1974. Judgment under uncertainty : Heuristics and biases. Science, 185, 1124-1131<\/p>\n<p>[\u6ce85]:Pratkains, A. R. 1989. The cognitive representation of attitudes. In A. R. Pratkains, S. J. Breckler, &amp; A. G. Greenwald(Eds.) Attitude structure and function (pp. 71-98). Hillsdle, NJ: Erlbaum<\/p>\n<p>Pratkains, A. R. , &amp; Greenwald, A. G. 1989. A socio-cognitive model of atttitude structure and function. In L. , Beerkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol.22, pp.245-285). New York: Academic Press.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>18.\u4eba\u7c7b\u662f\u541d\u556c\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8005 \u4eba\u7c7b\u90fd\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u541d\u556c\u8005--\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u4eba\u4eec\u603b\u4f1a\u5c3d\u529b\u4fdd\u5b58\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6709\u9650\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u91c7\u7528\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u7b80\u5355\u5316\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5728\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b56\u7565\u65f6\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u6216\u8005\u5ffd\u7565\u6389\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u8f7b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u62c5\uff1b\u6216\u8005\"\u8fc7\u5206\u5229\u7528\"\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0d\u518d\u53bb\u5bfb\u627e\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u610f\u5916\u611f\u5230\u51e0\u4e4e\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u597d\uff0c\u800c\u60c5\u613f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u592a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\uff08Susan Fiske &amp; Shelley Taylor, 1991 Social cognition. 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